€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH***** Galey FD Beasley VR Schaeffer D Davis LE Effect of an aqueous extract of black walnut (Juglans nigra) on isolated equine digital vessels. In: Am J Vet Res (1990 Jan) 51(1):83-8 ISSN: 0002-9645 An aqueous extract was made from black walnut (Juglans nigra) heartwood obtained in the fall of the year. Ten hours after nasogastric administration of 5 L of the extract, a 550-kg, 13-yr-old Quarter Horse gelding experienced Obel grade-3 laminitis. The effect of aqueous extract of black walnut on vascular contractility was then tested, using isolated equine digital arteries and veins. The vessels were maintained in Krebs bicarbonate buffer with 95% oxygen at 37 C. The extract did not induce a direct contractile effect. It did, however, reversibly enhance the vasoconstriction induced in the isolated vessels by administration of epinephrine potentiated with hydrocortisone. In contrast, aqueous extracts made, using the same techniques, from the shavings of eastern white pine (Pinus strobus), eastern red cedar (Juniperus virginiana), and pin oak (Quercus palustrus) had no effect on epinephrine-induced digital vessel contractions. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY***** Perusquia M Mendoza S Bye R Linares E Mata R Vasoactive effects of aqueous extracts from five Mexican medicinal plants on isolated rat aorta. In: J Ethnopharmacol (1995 Apr) 46(1):63-9 ISSN: 0378-8741 The present investigation describes the effects of aqueous extracts from Chiranthodendron pentadactylon flowers, Galphimia glauca leaves and flowers, Ipomoea stans roots, Juglans regia leaves and Taxodium mucronatum aerial parts on isolated rat thoracic aorta precontracted by noradrenaline (NA). In all cases, the aqueous extracts (0.5-12 mg/ml) significantly inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, the maximal contractile response induced by NA in rat aorta. The most active extract was that of G. glauca flowers. These findings indicate that the active principle(s) present in the crude extracts can exert a vasorelaxant effect. Registry Numbers: 51-43-4 (Epinephrine) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES***** Bhargava UC Westfall BA ANTITUMOR ACTIVITY OF JUGLANS NIGRA (BLACK WALNUT) EXTRACTIVES In: J Pharm Sci (1968) 57(10):1674-1677 ISSN: 0022-3549 Antitumor activities of compounds present in Juglans nigra (black walnut) were studied in mice with spontaneous and/or transplanted tumors. Swiss-Webster mice with mammary adenocarcinomas were treated for 9 d (ip) with ellagic acid (EA; 50 mg/kg/d), juglone (J; 10 mg/kg/d), a strong acids fraction (SA; 100 mg/kg/d) or a weak acids fraction (WA; 100 mg/kg/d); C57BL/65 mice with sc transplanted BW- 10232 mammary adenocarcinoma were treated ip with total alkaloids (50 mg/kg/d x 12) or EA (10 mg/kg bid x 10 d). J decreased the tumor growth rate and body wt in mice with spontaneous tumors. SA slightly decreased the growth rate of spontaneous tumors, but WA (in mice with spontaneous tumors) and total alkaloids (in mice with transplanted tumors) had no significant effect. Body wt was not affected by SA, WA or total alkaloids. EA depressed the growth of both tumors, especially the spontaneous tumors. Admin of EA increased body wt in mice with spontaneous tumors, but decreased body st in animals with transplanted tumors. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****JOURNAL OF VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS***** Galey FD Beasley VR Schaeffer DJ Davis LE Antagonism in isolated equine digital vessels of contraction induced by epinephrine in the presence of hydrocortisone and an aqueous extract of black walnut (Juglans nigra). In: J Vet Pharmacol Ther (1989 Dec) 12(4):411-20 ISSN: 0140-7783 Prazosin, isoxsuprine, and nifedipine were screened for ability to reverse contraction of isolated equine digital vascular strips produced by epinephrine (Epi) in the presence of hydrocortisone (Hc) and an aqueous extract of black walnut (Juglans nigra) (BW). Two arteries and two veins from each of three horses for each drug (n = 9) were maintained in isolated tissue baths in Krebs' bicarbonate buffer with 95% oxygen at 37 degrees C. Six-point Epi concentration- response (C-R) curves were obtained for each vessel in the presence of Hc, BW, and the appropriate vehicle. This was repeated for each vessel using one of two concentrations of one of the three test drugs. Each drug and concentration combination was tested on a total of three arteries and three veins. Prazosin produced a concentration- dependent shift of the Epi C-R curve to the right but the curve maintained the same maximum height and slope, which is consistent with competitive alpha 1 adrenergic blockade. Isoxsuprine exhibited similar behavior, although the precise mechanism of action for isoxsuprine is unknown. Conversely, nifedipine did not shift the curve but did depress maximum contraction, suggesting a non- competitive interaction consistent with its mechanism of calcium- channel blockade. Registry Numbers: 19216-56-9 (Prazosin) 21829-25-4 (Nifedipine) 395-28-8 (Isoxsuprine) 50-23-7 (Hydrocortisone) 51-43-4 (Epinephrine) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€