€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****BIOLOGICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN***** Thongpraditchote S Matsumoto K Temsiririrkkul R Tohda M Murakami Y Watanabe H Neuropharmacological actions of Pluchea indica Less root extract in socially isolated mice. In: Biol Pharm Bull (1996 Mar) 19(3):379-83 ISSN: 0918-6158 The effects of Pluchea indica Less root extract (PI-E) on locomotor activity and pentobarbital-induced sleep, social isolation-induced aggressive behavior, motor coordination in the rotarod test, pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsion and nociceptive responses in the tail-pinch test were examined in mice. Socially isolated mice showed higher locomotor activity and shorter duration of pentobarbital sleep than group-housed mice. PI-E (50-100 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly decreased locomotor activity and prolonged pentobarbital sleep in a dose-dependent manner in isolated mice but not in group-housed mice. At a large dose (400 mg/kg, p.o.), PI-E not only decreased locomotor activity but also prolonged pentobarbital sleep in group-housed mice. The reference drug diazepam, at 0.5 mg/kg, also suppressed the locomotor activity in isolated mice but not in group-housed mice. Moreover, diazepam, at 0.1 and 0.5 mg/kg, significantly prolonged pentobarbital sleep in both isolated mice and group-housed mice. The effects of PI-E and diazepam on pentobarbital sleep in isolated mice were significantly attenuated by flumazenil (1 mg/kg, i.v.). PI-E (50-100 mg/kg), as well as diazepam (0.5-5 mg/kg, p.o.), dose-dependently suppressed social isolation-induced aggressive behavior, but it had no effect on pentylenetetrazole- induced convulsion, motor coordination in the rotarod test, or nociceptive response in the tail pinch test in group-housed mice. These results suggest that PI-E attenuates pathophysiological changes caused by social isolation stress in mice, and that the GABAergic system is partly involved in the action of PI-E on a social isolation- induced decrease in pentobarbital sleep. Registry Numbers: 76-74-4 (Pentobarbital) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****EXPERIENTIA***** Dasgupta B Basu K Dasgupta S Chemical investigation of Pluchea lanceolata. II. Identity of pluchine with betaine hydrochloride. In: Experientia (1968 Sep 15) 24(9):882 ISSN: 0014-4754 [No Abstract Available] €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Dasgupta B Chemical investigation of Pluchea lanceolata I. isolation of a new quaternary base, pluchine. In: Experientia (1967 Dec 15) 23(12):989-91 ISSN: 0014-4754 [No Abstract Available] €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY***** Sen T Nag Chaudhuri AK Antiinflammatory evaluation of a Pluchea indica root extract. In: J Ethnopharmacol (1991 May-Jun) 33(1-2):135-41 ISSN: 0378-8741 A methanolic fraction of a chloroform extract of defatted Pluchea indica roots was investigated for its antiinflammatory potential against several models of inflammation. The extract showed significant inhibitory activity against carrageenin-, histamine-, serotonin-, hyaluronidase- and sodium urate-induced pedal inflammation. The extract inhibited protein exudation and leucocyte migration. The extract also inhibited carrageenin- and cotton pellet- induced granuloma formation as well as turpentine-induced joint oedema and adjuvant-induced polyarthritis. The present observations establish the efficacy of the extract in the exudative, proliferative and chronic stages of inflammation. Registry Numbers: EC 3.2.1.35 (Hyaluronidase) 50-33-9 (Phenylbutazone) 50-67-9 (Serotonin) 51-45-6 (Histamine) 69-93-2 (Uric Acid) 8006-64-2 (Turpentine) 9000-07-1 (Carrageenan) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****LIFE SCIENCES***** Perez-Garcia F Marin E Canigueral S Adzet T Anti-inflammatory action of Pluchea sagittalis: involvement of an antioxidant mechanism. In: Life Sci (1996) 59(24):2033-40 ISSN: 0024-3205 Pluchea sagittalis, (Lam.) Cabr., a popular medicinal herb grown in South America, was studied for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities. The anti-edema action of P. sagittalis aqueous extract was assayed in different models of inflammation: 1) the mouse ear edema test induced by arachidonic acid and croton oil; 2) the rat hind-paw edema test produced by several inflammatory inductors: carrageenan, dextran, zymosan, platelet-activating factor (PAF) and arachidonic acid; 3) a subacute model based on the rat carrageenan air-pouch granuloma test. Blood leukocyte free radical production was measured by flow cytometry with 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) in vivo, in rats with induced air-pouch granuloma, and in a model in vitro. stimulating leukocytes with hydrogen peroxide. The aqueous extract of P. sagittalis showed a marked anti-inflammatory effect in both ear edema tests, dextran and carrageenan hind-paw edemas and carrageenan air-pouch model. It also had a potent antioxidant activity in blood leukocytes, both in vivo and in vitro. Our results correlate the reduction of free radical production with the anti-inflammatory effect of this plant. Registry Numbers: 76-54-0 (2',7'-dichlorofluorescein) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Sen T Ghosh TK Chaudhuri AK Studies on the mechanism of anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcer activity of Pluchea indica--probable involvement of 5-lipooxygenase pathway. In: Life Sci (1993) 52(8):737-43 ISSN: 0024-3205 The effect of the methanolic fraction of Pluchea indica Less. root extract was evaluated on various models of inflammation and ulcer in vivo to assess the role of P. indica on the 5-lipoxygenase pathway of prostaglandin synthesis. Studies presented here reveal significant antiinflammatory activity of the fraction on Arachidonic acid, Platelet activation factor and Compound 48/80-induced paw oedema. There was significant inhibition of spontaneous as well as compound 48/80-induced histamine release from mast cells. Ulcer studies revealed significant protective action of the fraction on indomethacin, alcohol and indomethacin-alcohol induced ulceration. There was significant decrease of gastric volume and acidity in pylorus ligated rats. Studies also showed, significant protective action of the same on gastric mucosa. Registry Numbers: EC 1.13.11.34 (Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase) 506-32-1 (Arachidonic Acid) 64-17-5 (Alcohol, Ethyl) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****PLANTA MEDICA***** Scholz E Heinrich M Hunkler D Caffeoylquinic acids and some biological activities of Pluchea symphytifolia. In: Planta Med (1994 Aug) 60(4):360-4 ISSN: 0032-0943 From the aerial parts of Pluchea symphytifolia, four known and two new caffeoylquinic acids, 1,3,4,5-tetra-O-caffeoylquinic acid and 1,3- di-O-[3,4,-bis-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-cyclobutane-1,2-dicarbonyl]- 4,5- di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, and two flavonols were isolated and their structures elucidated by mass and NMR spectroscopy and by chemical degradation. The aqueous extract had weak antibacterial and weak antisecretory effects; the lipophilic extract showed a modest anthelmintic activity. The higher caffeoylated quinic acids participated in the antibacterial and anthelmintic effect of the extracts. Registry Numbers: 77-95-2 (Quinic Acid) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€