€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****ACTA PHYSIOLOGICA ET PHARMACOLOGICA BULGARICA***** Petkov VD Yonkov D Mosharoff A Kambourova T Alova L Petkov VV Todorov I Effects of alcohol aqueous extract from Rhodiola rosea L. roots on learning and memory. In: Acta Physiol Pharmacol Bulg (1986) 12(1):3-16 ISSN: 0323-9950 The effect of alcohol-aqueous extract (1:1) from Rhodiola rosea L. roots on the processes of learning and memory is studied on rats. Several methods of active avoidance with negative and positive reinforcements are used, as well as of passive avoidance. Using the maze-method with negative (punitive) reinforcement, it has been found that Rhodiola extract in a single dose of 0.10 ml per rat essentially improves learning and retention after 24 hours. Significant improvement of the long-term memory is also established in memory tests after 10-day treatment with the same dose of the extract. In the other two doses tested (0.02 and 1.0 ml per rat) the extract has no substantial effect on learning and memory. In a dose of 0.10 ml per rat the Rhodiola extract had a favourable effect on the training process using the "staircase" method with positive (food) reinforcement as well. With the other methods used (active avoidance method with negative reinforcement "shuttle-box" and passive avoidance methods "step down" and "step through") Rhodiola extract in the dose used (0.10 ml per rat) had no substantial effect on learning and memory (a certain deterioration of the training process was even observed using the "shuttle-box" method, while the "step-down" method resulted in deterioration of the memory). The great significance of the method used for studying the effects of the pharmacological agents on learning and memory for the results obtained is evident. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****BIULLETEN EKSPERIMENTALNOI BIOLOGII I MEDITSINY***** Lishmanov IuB Maslova LV Maslov LN Dan'shina EN [The anti-arrhythmia effect of Rhodiola rosea and its possible mechanism] Antiaritmicheskii effekt rodioly rozovoi i ego vozmozhnyi mekhanizm. In: Biull Eksp Biol Med (1993 Aug) 116(8):175-6 ISSN: 0365-9615 (Published in Russian) A course injection of Rhodiola rosea extract for eight days was reported to increase the resistance of experimental animals to adrenalin- or CaCl2-induced arrhythmias. Preliminary injection of naloxone in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg eliminated the antiarrhythmic effect of Rhodiola. Indomethacin had no effect the antiarrhythmic action of Rhodiola. The antiarrhythmic effect of Rhodiola course injections was assumed to be associated with the induction of opioid peptides biosynthesis. Registry Numbers: 10043-52-4 (Calcium Chloride) 465-65-6 (Naloxone) 51-43-4 (Epinephrine) 53-86-1 (Indomethacin) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN***** Yoshikawa M Shimada H Shimoda H Matsuda H Yamahara J Murakami N Rhodiocyanosides A and B, new antiallergic cyanoglycosides from Chinese natural medicine "si lie hong jing tian", the underground part of Rhodiola quadrifida (Pall.) Fisch. et Mey. In: Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) (1995 Jul) 43(7):1245-7 ISSN: 0009-2363 Two new antiallergic cyanoglycosides named rhodiocyanosides A and B were isolated from the Chinese natural medicine "Si Lie Hong Jing Tian" (Shiretsukoukeiten in Japanese), the underground part of Rhodiola quadrifida (Pall.) Fisch. et Mey., together with two new glycosides, octyl alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl(1-6)-beta-D- glucopyranoside and gossypetin 7-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-3)-alpha-L- rhamnopyranoside. Their chemical structures were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Rhodiocyanosides A and B exhibited inhibitory activity on the histamine release from rat peritoneal exudate cells sensitized with anti-DNP IgE. In addition, rhodiocyanoside A was found to inhibit the PCA reaction in rats. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Yoshikawa M Shimada H Shimoda H Murakami N Yamahara J Matsuda H Bioactive constituents of Chinese natural medicines. II. Rhodiolae radix. (1). Chemical structures and antiallergic activity of rhodiocyanosides A and B from the underground part of Rhodiola quadrifida (Pall.) Fisch. et Mey. (Crassulaceae). In: Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) (1996 Nov) 44(11):2086-91 ISSN: 0009-2363 Two bioactive cyanoglycosides, rhodiocyanosides A and B, and two oligoglycosides, rhodioflavonoside [gossypetin 7-O-beta-D- glucopyranosyl(1-->3)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside] and rhodiooctanoside [octyl alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl(1-->6) beta- D-glucopyranoside), were isolated from the Chinese natural medicine "Si Lie Hong Jing Tian" (Shiretsukoukeiten in Japanese), the underground part of Rhodiola quadrifida (Pall.) Fisch. et Mey., together with four known compounds: rhodioloside, n-hexyl beta-D-glucopyranoside, gossypetin 7- O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, and tricetin. The chemical structures of new glycosides were determined on the basis of chemical and physicochemical evidence. Rhodiocyanosides A and B exhibited inhibitory activity on the histamine release from rat peritoneal exudate cells sensitized with anti-2,4-dinitrophenyl IgE. Additionally, rhodiocyanoside A, the major constituent of this natural medicine, was also found to show antiallergic activity in a passive cutaneous anaphylaxis test in rat. Registry Numbers: 15826-37-6 (Cromolyn Sodium) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ **CHUNG-KUO CHUNG YAO TSA CHIH CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA* Zhang ZH Feng SH Hu GD Cao ZK Wang LY [Effect of Rhodiola kirilowii (Regel.) Maxim on preventing high altitude reactions. A comparison of cardiopulmonary function in villagers at various altitudes] In: Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih (1989 Nov) 14(11):687-90, 704 ISSN: 1001-5302 (Published in Chinese) The highland villagers are subject to abnormalities in their cardiopulmonary function as they move from 2500m altitude to 4475m altitude areas. Rhodiola kirilowii can efficiently protect the villagers from the above said mountain reaction. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Peng JN Ma CY Ge YC [Chemical constituents of Rhodiola kirilowii (Regel) Regel] In: Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih (1994 Nov) 19(11):676-7, 702 ISSN: 1001-5302 (Published in Chinese) Five compounds were isolated from the rhizome of Rhodiola kirilowii. Based on spectral studies and chemical analysis the structures were established as tyrosol, daucosterol, lotaustralin, salidroside and sucrose. Registry Numbers: 474-58-8 (lyoniside) 534-67-8 (lotaustralin) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Cheng XJ Di L Wu Y Zhao QC Du GZ Liu YQ [Studies on the hypoglycemic effect of Rhodiola sachalinensis A. Bor. polysaccharides] In: Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih (1993 Sep) 18(9):557-9, 575 ISSN: 1001-5302 (Published in Chinese) Rhodiola sachalinensis polysaccharides (RSP) isolated from the root of Rhodiola sachalinensis was demonstrated to decrease the levels of blood sugar, liver glycogen and total blood lipid when injected peritoneally to mice at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg once or for 7 successive days. In addition, RSP was found to decrease blood sugar and total blood lipid in various experimental hyperglycemias induced by injection of adrenaline, glucose and alloxan in mice. RSP exhibit inhibiting effect on the glycogen enhancement induced by glucose as well as strenghtening effect on the glycogen decomposition induced by adrenaline and alloxan. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ An F Yue SJ Guo D Lou ZC [An investigation of medicinal Rhodiola in Sichuan Province] In: Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih (1993 Aug) 18(8):455-7, 509 ISSN: 1001-5302 (Published in Chinese) Twenty-two species of Rhodiola produced in Sichuan Province are reported in this paper, including their distributions, habitats and localities. Among them, there is a new species named Rhodiola wolongensis. Its morphology has been described in Latin. I key for the identification of all these 22 species has been compiled and presented. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Kang S Zhang J Lu Y Lu D [Chemical constituents of Rhodiola kirilowii (Reg.) Reg.] In: Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih (1992 Feb) 17(2):100-1, 127 ISSN: 1001-5302 (Published in Chinese) Three compounds were isolated from the water-soluble part of alcohol extracts of rhizomes of Rhodiola kirilowii. Two of them were identified as salidroside and tyrosol, respectively by chemical and spectral analysis. beta-sitosterol was obtained from the petroleum extracts of the plant. Registry Numbers: 10338-51-9 (rhodioloside) 501-94-0 (4-hydroxyphenylethanol) 5779-62-4 (sitosterol) 60-12-8 (Phenylethyl Alcohol) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****EKSPERIMENTALNAIA I KLINICHESKAIA FARMAKOLOGIIA***** Maslova LV Kondrat'ev BIu Maslov LN Lishmanov IuB [The cardioprotective and antiadrenergic activity of an extract of Rhodiola rosea in stress] O kardioprotektornoi i antiadrenergicheskoi aktivnosti ekstrakta rodioly rozovoi pri stresse. In: Eksp Klin Farmakol (1994 Nov-Dec) 57(6):61-3 ISSN: 0869-2092 (Published in Russian) The course of administration of Rhodiola rosea extract was studied for effects on the pattern of stress-induced cardiac damage which was assessed by 99mTc-pyrophosphate accumulation in the heart. Rhodiola rosea was found to prevent stress-induced cardiac damage. Simultaneously, myocardial catecholamines and cAMP levels were measured. Rhodiola rosea was ascertained to prevent both stress- induced catecholamine release and higher cAMP levels in the myocardium. Moreover, the adaptogen prevented lower adrenal catecholamines during stress. The findings suggest that the antistressor and cardioprotective effects of Rhodiola rosea are associated with limited adrenergic effect on the heart. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER***** Udintsev SN Schakhov VP Decrease of cyclophosphamide haematotoxicity by Rhodiola rosea root extract in mice with Ehrlich and Lewis transplantable tumors [letter] In: Eur J Cancer (1991) 27(9):1182 ISSN: 0959-8049 [No Abstract Available] Registry Numbers: 50-18-0 (Cyclophosphamide) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****NEOPLASMA***** Udintsev SN Shakhov VP The role of humoral factors of regenerating liver in the development of experimental tumors and the effect of Rhodiola rosea extract on this process. In: Neoplasma (1991) 38(3):323-31 ISSN: 0028-2685 In experiment on rats with Pliss lymphosarcoma (PLS) it was shown that partial hepatectomy (PHE), a course application of Rhodiola rosea extract (RRE) or combined effects inhibit the growth of tumors by 37, 39 and 59%, respectively, and that of metastases by 42, 50 and 75%. In combined treatment the process of hepatic regeneration was completed in earlier terms versus the animals which underwent PHE, and proliferative activity of the tumor and metastases decreased by 15 and 59%, respectively, judging by the degree of 3H-thymidine incorporation into DNA of these tissues. The assessment of clonogenic activity of PLS cells taken in the animals of this group, using the method of diffusion chambers, revealed a significant decrease in this index versus the rats which underwent PHE or which were given RRE (number of colonies per chamber being 4.8 +/- 0.5; 8.6 +/- 0.9; 5.7 +/- 0.6, respectively; in control 13.8 +/- 1.5). The assumption that these effects are determined by factors originating from the regenerating liver was confirmed in experiments with double-layer agar systems. Inhibition of colony-forming activity of PLS cells was the maximum in application of the hepatocytes of the rats which underwent a complex of effects, as a feeder, versus the hepatocytes taken in intact or hepatectomized animals, or the rats which were given RRE (number of colonies per plate well being 4.6 +/- 0.3; 15.7 +/- 1.6; 7.4 +/- 0.8; 8.7 +/- 0.9, respectively; in the control 25.6 +/- 6.5). In experiments on mice with Ehrlich adenocarcinoma, the factors isolated from the liver of animals subjected to PHE against a background of RRE administration and from the liver of mice which were given RRE only, as well as operated or intact ones, inhibited the tumor growth to 63, 38, 35 and 21%, respectively. Registry Numbers: 9007-49-2 (DNA) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****PHYTOCHEMISTRY***** Sendl A Mulinacci N Vincieri FF Wagner H Anti-inflammatory and immunologically active polysaccharides of Sedum telephium. In: Phytochemistry (1993 Nov) 34(5):1357-62 ISSN: 0031-9422 Two major polysaccharides, rhamnogalacturonans with mean M(r)s of 13,500 and 13,000, were isolated from dried leaves of Sedum telephium by column chromatography on DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B and gel filtration on Fractogel TSK HW-50 (S) and Sephacryl 200 HR. The structures were determined mainly by NMR spectroscopy, methylation analysis and GC-MS of the partially methylated alditol acetates, carboxyl reduction and by analysis of acidic and enzymatic degradation products. Both polysaccharides exert an anticomplementary effect in vitro, induce TNF-alpha-production, enhance phagocytosis in vitro and in vivo, and exhibit anti-inflammatory activity. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****STOMATOLOGIIA***** Frolova GI Prosandeeva GF Larionova LV Maslennikova GV [Use of a golden root (Rhodiola rosea) tincture in treating periodontosis] Lechenie nastoiki zolotogo kornia pri lechenii parodontoza. In: Stomatologiia (Mosk) (1981 Jan-Feb) 60(1):81-2 ISSN: 0039-1735 (Published in Russian) [No Abstract Available] €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****UROLOGIIA I NEFROLOGIIA***** Bocharova OA Matveev BP Baryshnikov AIu Figurin KM Serebriakova RV Bodrova NB [The effect of a Rhodiola rosea extract on the incidence of recurrences of a superficial bladder cancer (experimental clinical research)] Vliianie ekstrakta Rhodiola rosea na chastotu retsidivov poverkhnostnogo raka mochevogo puzyria (eksperimental'no-klinicheskoe issledovanie). In: Urol Nefrol (Mosk) (1995 Mar-Apr)(2):46-7 ISSN: 0042-1154 (Published in Russian) Oral administration of Rhodiola rosea extract to a small group of patents (n = 12) with superficial bladder carcinoma (T1G1-2) improved the characteristics of the urothelial tissue integration, parameters of leukocyte integrins and T-cell immunity. The average frequency of relapses for these patients has been found to fall twice, though statistical differences were not significant. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****VOPROSY ONKOLOGII***** Dement'eva LA Iaremenko KV [Effect of a Rhodiola extract on the tumor process in an experiment] Vliianie ekstrakta rodioly na opukholevyi protsess v eksperimente. In: Vopr Onkol (1987) 33(7):57-60 ISSN: 0507-3758 (Published in Russian) Antitumor and antimetastatic effects of an official extract of Rhodiola rosea were established in experiments on inbred and noninbred mice and rats with transplantable NK/Ly tumor, Ehrlich's adenocarcinoma, melanoma B16 and Lewis lung carcinoma. Application of the said preparation to sarcolysin-treated animals was followed by an increase in survival. Registry Numbers: 148-82-3 (Melphalan) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****YAO HSUEH HSUEH PAO [ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA]***** Wang S You XT Wang FP [HPLC determination of salidroside in the roots of Rhodiola genus plants] In: Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao (1992) 27(11):849-52 ISSN: 0513-4870 (Published in Chinese) This paper reports a high performance liquid chromatographic (PHLC) method for the determination of salidroside in 10 samples of the plants of Rhodiola crenulata, R. alterna, R. brevipetiolata, R. yunnanensis and R. quadrifida as well as extracts of R. crenulata. Determination was carried out under the following conditions: column (mu Bondapak ODS, 10 microns, 3.9 mm x 300 mm), mobile phase (methanol-water, 2:8), flow rate (1.0 ml/min), detector (Waters 484, wavelength 276 nm). External standard method was used. The results show that HPLC is a useful tool for the quantitative analysis of salidroside in the plants of Rhodiola genus and the extracts of R. crenulata. Registry Numbers: 10338-51-9 (rhodioloside) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Wang S Wang FP [Studies on the chemical components of Rhodiola crenulata] In: Yao Hsueh Hsueh Pao (1992) 27(2):117-20 ISSN: 0513-4870 (Published in Chinese) Six chemical components I-IV were isolated from the roots of Rhodiola crenulata (Crassulaceae). Five (I-V) of them were identified as known salidroside (I), p-tyrosol(II), pyrogallol, gallic acid, and beta- sitosterol, based on comparison of its Rf(TLC), mmp and spectral data with those of authentic samples. The sixth component was found to be a new delta 1-isopentenyl-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and named crenulatin(VI). Its structure was confirmed on the basis of its spectral data (IR, MS, 1H- and 13C-NMR). Registry Numbers: 4444-74-0 (crenulatin) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€