€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****FARMAKOLOGIIA I TOKSIKOLOGIIA***** Zinchenko TV Voitenko GN Lipkan GN [Anti-inflammatory, antitoxic, and hypoazotemic effect of a Stachys recta preparation, stachyrene] Protivovospalitel'noe, antitoksicheskoe i gipoazotemicheskoe deistvie preparata iz chistetsa priamogo--stakhirena. In: Farmakol Toksikol (1981 Mar-Apr) 44(2):191-4 ISSN: 0014-8318 (Published in Russian) [No Abstract Available] Registry Numbers: 50-00-0 (Formaldehyde) 52439-35-7 (stachyrene) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****JAPANESE JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY***** Hayashi K Nagamatsu T Ito M Yagita H Suzuki Y Acteoside, a component of Stachys sieboldii MIQ, may be a promising antinephritic agent (3): effect of aceteoside on expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in experimental nephritic glomeruli in rats and cultured endothelial cells. In: Jpn J Pharmacol (1996 Feb) 70(2):157-68 ISSN: 0021-5198 It is known that adhesion molecules play a crucial role in the development of glomerulonephritis. Therefore, we investigated the effects of acteoside on the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in nephritic glomeruli, in vivo, and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and rat mesangial cells, in vitro. Aceteoside treatment significantly decreased the up-regulation of ICAM-1 expression in nephritic glomeruli. Acteoside prevented the up-regulation of ICAM-1 expression mediated by inflammatory cytokines or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate on HUVECs and rat mesangial cells. Adhesion of neutrophils and macrophages to acteoside-treated HUVECs was suppressed to one half of that in untreated HUVECs. These data support the finding that acteoside inhibits the up-regulation of ICAM- 1 in the nephritic glomeruli. Additionally, it is suggested that the antinephritic action of acteoside is due to the inhibition of intraglomerular accumulation of leukocytes through the prevention of the up-regulation of ICAM-1. This is the first paper demonstrating that the up-regulation of ICAM-1 in nephritic glomeruli is inhibited by a natural product, acteoside. Registry Numbers: 61276-17-3 (verbascoside) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Hayashi K Nagamatsu T Ito M Hattori T Suzuki Y Acteoside, a component of Stachys sieboldii MIQ, may be a promising antinephritic agent (2): Effect of acteoside on leukocyte accumulation in the glomeruli of nephritic rats. In: Jpn J Pharmacol (1994 Sep) 66(1):47-52 ISSN: 0021-5198 We investigated the effect of acteoside in comparison with that of cyclosporin A on leukocyte accumulation in the glomeruli of rats with crescentic-type anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) nephritis. Acteoside given p.o. at a dose of 30 mg/kg once a day for 15 consecutive days after treatment with anti-GBM serum markedly suppressed the urinary protein as well as glomerular histological changes. Acteoside given p.o. for 5 or 15 consecutive days markedly suppressed the accumulation of total leukocytes, ED-1-positive cells (monocytes/macrophages), CD4-positive cells, CD8-positive cells, interleukin-2-receptor-positive cells (activated T cells) and Ia- positive cells in the glomeruli. These effects of cyclosporin A (20 mg/kg/day, p.o.) were also as potent as those of acteoside (30 mg/kg/day, p.o.). Cyclosporin A also strongly suppressed the elevation of plasma antibody level against rabbit gamma-globulin. However, in this dose, acteoside did not significantly suppress the antibody formation. It can be concluded from these results that acetoside may exert its antinephritic action by suppressing the accumulation of leukocytes in the glomeruli. Registry Numbers: 59865-13-3 (Cyclosporine) 61276-17-3 (verbascoside) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Hayashi K Nagamatsu T Ito M Hattori T Suzuki Y Acetoside, a component of Stachys sieboldii MIQ, may be a promising antinephritic agent: effect of acteoside on crescentic-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats. In: Jpn J Pharmacol (1994 Jun) 65(2):143-51 ISSN: 0021-5198 Effects of acetoside (ACT) on crescentic-type anti-GBM nephritis in rats were investigated. When rats were treated with ACT from the 1st day after i.v. injection of anti-GBM serum, ACT inhibited the elevation of protein excretion into urine. In the ACT-treated rats, cholesterol and creatinine contents and antibody production against rabbit gamma-globulin in the plasmas were lower than those of the nephritic control rats. Histological observation demonstrated that this agent suppressed hypercellularity and the incidence of crescent formation, adhesion of capillary wall to Bowman's capsule and fibrinoid necrosis in the glomeruli. Furthermore, rat-IgG and C3 deposits on the GBM were significantly less in the ACT-treated group than in the control nephritic group. When the treatment was started from the 20th day after i.v. injection of anti-GBM serum, by which the disease had been established, ACT resulted in a similar effect on the nephritic rats as stated above. These results suggest that ACT may be a useful medicine against rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis, which is characterized by severe glomerular lesions with diffuse crescents. Registry Numbers: 57-88-5 (Cholesterol) 60-27-5 (Creatinine) 61276-17-3 (verbascoside) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****KLINICHESKAIA KHIRURGIIA***** Voitenko GN Umel' VB Tarapon OIu Zosim GL [Use of stachyrene in combined treatment of patients with obstructive jaundice] Primenenie stakhirena v kompleksnom lechenii bol'nykh s obturatsionnoi zheltukhoi. In: Klin Khir (1990)(11):26-7 ISSN: 0023-2130 (Published in Russian) In 49 patients with obstructive jaundice of various genesis progressive cholemic intoxication in absence of the effect from conventional detoxication therapy, the Stachyrene preparation, which contains as an effective agent the polyphenol compounds of Stachys recta L., was used. Stachyrene was administered before and after the operation. Under the influence of the preparation in the majority of patients, the more rapid normalization of the indices of homeostasis occurred. The most pronounced effect was noted in patients with obstructive jaundice of benign genesis. Registry Numbers: 52439-35-7 (stachyrene) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****PHYTOCHEMISTRY***** Miyase T Yamamoto R Ueno A Phenylethanoid glycosides from Stachys officinalis. In: Phytochemistry (1996 Sep) 43(2):475-9 ISSN: 0031-9422 From the aerial parts of Stachys officinalis, six new phenylethanoid glycosides, named betonyosides A-F, and six known phenylethanoid glycosides, acetoside, acetoside isomer, campneosides II, forsythoside B and leucosceptoside B, were isolated and their structures were elucidated from spectroscopic and chemical evidence. Campneosides II were separated into two epimers. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Nishimura H Sasaki H Inagaki N Chin M Mitsuhashi H Nine phenethyl alcohol glycosides from Stachys sieboldii. In: Phytochemistry (1991) 30(3):965-9 ISSN: 0031-9422 Three new phenethyl alcohol glycosides together with six known compounds have been isolated from the leaves of Stachys sieboldii. On the basis of chemical and spectral analyses, the structures of three new compounds named stachysosides A, B and C have been established as 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1----2)- alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1----3)-4-O-E-caffeoyl-beta-D- glucopyranoside, 2-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)ethyl O-alpha-L- arabinopyranosyl-(1----2)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl- (1----3)-4-O-E- feruloyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside and 2-(3-hydroxy-4- methoxyphenyl)ethyl O-alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1----2)-alpha-L- rhamnopyranosyl- (1----3)-4-O-E- feruloyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside, respectively. Registry Numbers: 60-12-8 (Phenylethyl Alcohol) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****TERATOGENESIS, CARCINOGENESIS, AND MUTAGENESIS***** Basaran AA Yu TW Plewa MJ Anderson D An investigation of some Turkish herbal medicines in Salmonella typhimurium and in the COMET assay in human lymphocytes. In: Teratog Carcinog Mutagen (1996) 16(2):125-38 ISSN: 0270-3211 Medicinal plants play a major role in the life of Turkish people and of late medicinal plant usage has increased in many countries. Green plants in general contain mutagenic and carcinogenic substances, but there is little information about the biological activities of herbal medicine. In the present study, therefore, various Turkish medicinal herbs were investigated for their genotoxic potential in the Salmonella typhimurium microsomal activation assay and the alkaline single cell gel electrophoresis (COMET) assay. Extracts from these medicinal herbs and some fractions of these extracts were examined. The species investigated were Arctium minus, Ecballium elatterium, Momordica charantia, Plantago major, Urtica dioica, Viscum album, Salvia triloba, Euphorbia rigida, Stachys lavandulifolia, Acteoside, Abies nordmannia. They are used for various immune disorders and are applied either topically or taken orally as a herbal tea. Of the 19 samples of the extracts and fractions investigated, none produced a positive response in strains TA98 and TA100 with or without metabolic activation, but all produced an increase above negative control values in the COMET assay. Some extracts were investigated further and produced dose-related increases. In the case of Urtica and Euphorbia species, where two fractions from these plants were examined, one fraction produced a greater response than the other. It is suggested that the lesser response of the fractions might be due to less DNA strand-breaking agents in the fractions or they may have antigenotoxic properties. The breaks that are detected in the COMET assay could be alkali-labile AP-sites and intermediates in base- or nucleotide-excision repair and are difficult to interpret in terms of hazard for man. Further studies with additional genotoxicity assays would be required to make such a prediction. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****YAKUGAKU ZASSHI. JOURNAL OF THE PHARMACEUTICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN***** Yamahara J Kitani T Kobayashi H Kawahara Y [Studies on Stachys sieboldii MIQ. II. Anti-anoxia action and the active constituents] In: Yakugaku Zasshi (1990 Dec) 110(12):932-5 ISSN: 0031-6903 (Published in Japanese) During screening for the development of drugs from natural products, methanolic extract of tuber of Stachys sieboldii MIQ. (Labiatae) significantly inhibited the lethal induced by KCN in mice. The methanolic extract was fractionated by column chromatography to identify the active constituents. Acteoside and stachysoside C, phenylethanoid glycoside, have a significant effect on the KCN- induced anoxia model. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ Takeda Y Fujita T Satoh T Kakegawa H [On the glycosidic constituents of Stachys sieboldi MIQ. and their effects on hyaluronidase activity] In: Yakugaku Zasshi (1985 Oct) 105(10):955-9 ISSN: 0031-6903 (Published in Japanese) [No Abstract Available] Registry Numbers: EC 3.2.1.35 (Hyaluronidase) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€