€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****ACTA VIROLOGICA***** Honetslegrova J Petrzik K Spak J Pelikanova J Comparison of the Czech Scrophularia isolate with the Italian Anagyris strain of scrophularia mottle virus. In: Acta Virol (1994 Feb) 38(1):21-4 ISSN: 0001-723X Scrophularia mottle virus (ScMV) was newly found in the Czech Republic in Scrophularia nodosa L. plants. The Czech isolate (ScMV-C) was serologically identical and similar in symptoms and host range to the Italian Anagyris strain (ScMV-I). Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Samsun, Nicotiana glutinosa L., Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. White Burley, Physalis floridana Rybd. and Cucumis sativus L. are described as new host plants of ScMV. Double-stranded RNA patterns and the isoelectric point of this virus are characterized. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****ARCHIV FUR EXPERIMENTELLE VETERINARMEDIZIN***** Shabana MM Mirhom YW Genenah AA Aboutabl EA Amer HA Study into wild Egyptian plants of potential medicinal activity. Ninth communication: hypoglycaemic activity of some selected plants in normal fasting and alloxanised rats. In: Arch Exp Veterinarmed (1990) 44(3):389-94 ISSN: 0003-9055 31 desert plants belonging to 17 families were collected from different Egyptian localities. 21 plants extracts were orally given to normal rats, and 15 were tested on fasted and to alloxanised rats. The results were compared with a standard oral hypoglycaemic drug (Daonil, Hoechst) used as a positive control. The following findings were obtained: 8 plants exhibited persistent hypoglycaemic effects, Lycium shawii, Salvia (S.) aegyptiaca, Pergularia tomentosa, Convolvulus (C.) althaeoides, Haloxylon salicornicum, Ephedra alata, Scrophularia deserti, and Crotalaria aegyptiaca. Transient hypoglycaemic effects appeared only 1 hour after administration in response to 4 plants, Silena succulenta, Lygos raetam, C. lanatus, and Pulicaria incisa. In the cases of Ochradenus baccatus and Zygophyllum album, slow hypoglycaemic activity was produced and appeared 3 hours after administration. 5 plants showed hypoglycaemic effects viz, Thymus capitatus, Launaea nudicaulis, Conyza dioscorides, Nitraria retusa, and Limonium tubiflorum. Among the 15 plant extracts tested on alloxanised diabetic rats only 4 showed hypoglycaemic effects more potent than those of the administered dose of Daonil. These were Matthiola livida, S. aegyptiaca, Astragalus species, and Arthrocnemum glaucum. The hypoglycaemic effect of S. aegyptiaca in fasting rats has been confirmed also in alloxanised diabetic animals. This emphasises the importance of conducting both experiments in order to obtain a reliable conclusion. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****CHEMICAL AND PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN***** Yamamoto A Miyase T Ueno A Maeda T Scrophulasaponins II-IV, new saikosaponin homologs from Scrophularia kakudensis FRANCH. In: Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) (1993 Oct) 41(10):1780-3 ISSN: 0009-2363 From the whole plants of Scrophularia kakudensis, three new saikosaponin homologs, named scrophulasaponins II-IV, were isolated, together with six known and four artifact saponins; their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic data and chemical evidence. Registry Numbers: 20874-52-6 (saikosaponin) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ ***CHUNG HSI I CHIEH HO TSA CHIH CHINESE JOURNAL OF MODERN DEVELOPMENTS** Liu GL Fu PY Wang ZY [Effect of water extract of 4 Chinese herbal drugs on the binding of insulin with human erythrocyte insulin receptor] In: Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih (1991 Oct) 11(10):606-7, 581-2 ISSN: 0254-9034 (Published in Chinese) Chinese herbal drugs, Trichosauthes kirilowii (TK), Polygonatum sibiricum (PS), Scrophularia ningpoensis (SN), Anemarrhea asphodeloides (AA) were selected for the study of their effects on the binding of insulin with human erythrocyte insulin receptor. The results indicated that TK, PS, SN did not increase nor decrease the insulin receptor binding rate, whereas AA provoked a marked inhibiting effect on the rate of binding (P less than 0.01). These findings cannot completely deny the beneficial effect of the compound prescription of these drugs in the treatment of diabetes mellitus because of the following reasons: (1) The experiments were done in vitro but not in vivo and the erythrocytes from normal men but not from diabetics. (2) The drugs were not put together during exaction as in the traditional manner, but was studied separately. (3) The fact that there is no effect on insulin receptor binding cannot rule out their beneficial effect on other aspects of insulin or insulin secretion even on the amelioration of tissue insulin resistance. Registry Numbers: 11061-68-0 (Insulin) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****CHUNG-KUO CHUNG HSI I CHIEH HO TSA CHIH***** Liu JQ Wu DW [32 cases of postoperative osteogenic sarcoma treated by chemotherapy combined with Chinese medicinal herbs] In: Chung Kuo Chung Hsi I Chieh Ho Tsa Chih (1993 Mar) 13(3):150-2, 132 ISSN: 1003-5370 (Published in Chinese) 32 cases of postoperative osteogenic sarcoma treated by chemotherapy combined with Chinese medicinal herbs were compared with 26 similar cases as control group. The drugs used in chemotherapy consisted of two regimens, DDP and high-dose MTX plus VCR. The results showed that the side effects of chemotherapy in control group were consistent with literatures; while the group treated with Chinese medicinal herbs suffered less toxic effects, the difference between two groups was statistically significant. The medicinal herbs used to reduce the side effects induced by DDP was Pinellia ternata, Amomum cardamomum, Bambusa textilis, Citrus reticulata etc.; while the herbs used to alleviate the adverse effects of high-dose MTX plus VCR was Gypsum, Anemarrhena asphodeloides, Rehmannia glutinosa, Ophiopogon japonicus, Scrophularia ningpoensis, etc. Registry Numbers: 15663-27-1 (Cisplatin) 50-02-2 (Dexamethasone) 57-22-7 (Vincristine) 59-05-2 (Methotrexate) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ **CHUNG-KUO CHUNG YAO TSA CHIH CHINA JOURNAL OF CHINESE MATERIA MEDICA* Su J Wang BQ [Analytical method of guiqi mixture and its main ingredient Astragalus root] In: Chung Kuo Chung Yao Tsa Chih (1994 Mar) 19(3):158-60, 191 ISSN: 1001-5302 (Published in Chinese) Chuanxiog Rhizome, Chinese Angelica Root and Scrophularia Root in Guiqi mixture have been identified by TLC. A TLC-densitometric method for determining astragalosied in the patent medicine and its main ingredient Astragalus Root has been established. This method is sensitive and highly reproducible, with RSD under 3.0% and recovery over 98%. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****FARMACO***** Garcia D Fernandez A Saenz T Ahumada C Antiinflammatory effects of different extracts and harpagoside isolated from Scrophularia frutescens L. In: Farmaco (1996 Jun) 51(6):443-6 ISSN: 0014-827X Most species belonging to Scrophularia genus had been used as antiinflammatory drugs by the folk medicine. The phenylpropanoids are considered to be the active principles of these drugs with antiinflammatory action by different Authors, especially harpagoside and harpagide. In this report, the antiinflammatory effects of Scrophularia frutescens L. (Scrophulariaceae) was studied and the iridoid glucoside harpagoside has been evidenced and isolated for the first time from this plant. Aqueous extract, methanolic extract and harpagoside, isolated from the methanolic extract, were tested for antiinflammatory activity on the rat paw oedema. The results obtained showed that the aqueous extract has a small but significant antiinflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced oedema test, while methanolic extract has a lower antiinflammatory activity and the activity of the isolated harpagoside is remarkably low. Thus, the conclusion may be that S. frutescens L. is a potential antiiflammatory agent but its activity is not due to harpagoside. Registry Numbers: 19210-12-9 (harpagoside) 9000-07-1 (Carrageenan) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY***** Fernandez MA Garcia MD Saenz MT Antibacterial activity of the phenolic acids fractions of Scrophularia frutescens and Scrophularia sambucifolia. In: J Ethnopharmacol (1996 Jul 26) 53(1):11-4 ISSN: 0378-8741 The phenolic fractions of aerial part of Scrophularia frutescens and S. sambucifolia (Scrophulariaceae) showed a potent antibacterial activity. Ferulic, isovanillic, p-hydroxycinnamic, p-hydroxybenzoic, syringic, caffeic, gentisic and protocatechuic acids were isolated from S. frutescens and ferulic, p-coumaric, vanillic, p- hydroxibenzoic and syringic acids were isolated from S. sambucifolia. Since phenolic acids have been shown in the literature to exert an antibacterial effect, the presence of these compounds in the two plants explains their antibacterial activity. Registry Numbers: 1135-24-6 (ferulic acid) 121-34-6 (Vanillic Acid) 149-91-7 (Gallic Acid) 331-39-5 (caffeic acid) 490-79-9 (2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid) 530-57-4 (syringic acid) 645-08-9 (isovanillic acid) 7400-08-0 (4-coumaric acid) 99-50-3 (protocatechuic acid) 99-96-7 (4-hydroxybenzoic acid) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS***** Calis I Zor M Basaran AA Wright AD Sticher O Karsoside and scropolioside D, two new iridoid glycosides from Scrophularia ilwensis. In: J Nat Prod (1993 Apr) 56(4):606-9 ISSN: 0163-3864 Two new iridoid glycosides, karsoside [1] and scropolioside D [2], were isolated from the aerial parts of Scrophularia ilwensis. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral data as 6'-O-(beta-D-xylopyranosyl)-methylcatalpol and 6-O-[(2",4"-di-O- acetyl-3"-O-trans-cinnamoyl)-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl]- catalpol, respectively. Additionally, four known iridoids (aucubin, harpagide, 8-O-acetylharpagide, and ajugol), a phenylpropanoid glycoside (angoroside C), and two flavonoids (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside) were isolated and identified. Registry Numbers: 148000-43-5 (scropolioside D) 149155-50-0 (karsoside) €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****PHARMAZIE***** Emam AM Diaz-Lanza AM Matellano-Fernandez L Faure R Moussa AM Balansard G Biological activities of buddlejasaponin isolated from Buddleja madagascariensis and Scrophularia scorodonia. In: Pharmazie (1997 Jan) 52(1):76-7 ISSN: 0031-7144 [No Abstract Available] €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****PHYTOCHEMISTRY***** Bhandari SP Roy R Agrawal PK Garg HS Scrokoelziside A, a triterpene glycoside from Scrophularia koelzii. In: Phytochemistry (1996 Feb) 41(3):879-82 ISSN: 0031-9422 Scrokoelziside A, isolated from the aerial parts of Scrophularia koelzii was shown to be 3-O-([alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->3), beta-D- glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta-D-fucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-D- glucopyranosyl]-13 beta,28-epoxyolean-11-en-23-ol, on the basis one- and two-dimensional NMR homo- and hetero-nuclear spectroscopic evidence. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ *****PLANTA MEDICA***** Recio MC Giner RM Manez S Rios JL Structural considerations on the iridoids as anti-inflammatory agents. In: Planta Med (1994 Jun) 60(3):232-4 ISSN: 0032-0943 Twelve iridoid glycosides have been evaluated for their anti- inflammatory activity on two models: the carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema and the TPA-induced mouse ear edema. Loganic acid was the most active (44.4% edema inhibition) on the former test, whereas the catalpol derivative mixture isolated from Scrophularia, aucubin, verbenalin, and loganin, showed the highest activity (from 72.0 to 80.0% edema inhibition) on the latter. The results allowed us to establish the relationship between the structure and anti- inflammatory activity on the basis of the different patterns of substitution, particularly hydroxylation, unsaturation, and acylation. €€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€